Friday, September 30, 2022

C programming


                                                           Structure in C

struct add                                         //abstract data type

{

    int A,B;

 }x,sum;

int main()

{

   printf("Enter first no\n");

   scanf("%d", &x.A);

   printf("Enter second no \n");

   scanf("%d", &x.B);

                                                                                    // adding nos

   sum.A=x.A+x.B;

   printf("Sum is = %d", sum.A);

  return 0;

}


 Passing structure to a function by references 

#include <stdio.h> 

struct sample

{

  char OneArray[40];

  float OneFloatVar;

};

void PassBy_Value(struct sample *s1);

int main()

{

  struct sample sample1;

  //printf("Enter some string \n");

  //scanf("%s",&sample1.OneArray);

  //printf("\nEnter float no \n");

  //scanf("%f",&sample1.OneFloatVar);

  passit(&sample1);  

  printf("\n %s ",sample1.OneArray); 

  printf("\n %f ",sample1.OneFloatVar);  

  return 0;

}

void passit(struct sample *s1)

{

    strcpy(s1->OneArray,"Pass By Reference");

    s1->OneFloatVar= 5.0;

}

Passing structure to a function by valu

#include <stdio.h> 

struct sample

{

  char OneArray[25];

  float OneFloatVar;

   };

void passit(struct sample s1);

int main()

{

  struct sample sample1;

  printf("Enter some string \n");

  scanf("%s",&sample1.OneArray);

  printf("\nEnter float no \n");

  scanf("%f",&sample1.OneFloatVar);

  passit(sample1);   

  return 0;

}

void passit(struct sample s1)

{

    printf("\n %s ",s1.OneArray); 

    printf("\n %f ",s1.OneFloatVar); 

}

Command line argument in C

#include <stdio.h>

int main( int argc, char *argv[] )  {

int i;

for(i=0;i<argc;i++)

{

            printf("argv[%d]: %s\n",i,argv[i]);

}

}


                                                    Environmental variable

#include <stdio.h>

int main(int argc, char *argv[], char * envp[]){

   int i;

   for (i = 0; envp[i] != NULL; i++)

   printf("\n%s", envp[i]);

   getchar();

   return 0;

}

O/p:



 #ifdev directives


#include <stdio.h>

#define YEARS_OLD 20

int main()

{

            #ifdef YEARS_OLD 30 

             printf("Wikipedia is over %d years old.\n", YEARS_OLD);

             #endif

            printf("Wikipedia is a great resource.\n");

              return 0;

}

O/p:


Multiline macros

#include<stdio.h>

#define PRINT(x, str) ({\

   printf("The number %d", x);\

   printf(" is ");\

   printf(#str);\

   printf("\n");\

})

int main() {

   int x = 10;

   if(x % 2 == 0){

      PRINT(x, EVEN);

   }

}

O/p:

Nested macros

#include<stdio.h>

#define Space(x) x*x

#define SpaceCost(x,y,z) (z*y + Space (x))

 void main()

 { 

    int A=8,B=6,C=4;

    printf("The Space of square= %d\n", Space(A));

    printf("Cost of paint= %d\n", SpaceCost(A,B,C));

 }

O/p:



Pragma

It is a compiler directive that allows one to provide extra information to the compiler.

#include<stdio.h> 

#include<conio.h> 

void func(); 

#pragma startup func 

#pragma exit func 

void main(){ 

printf("\nI am in main"); 

getch(); 

void func(){ 

printf("\n I am in func"); 

getch(); 

}

O/p:



Stringizing operator

#include <stdio.h>

#define mkstr(s) #s

int main(void)

{

    printf(mkstr(This is Stringizing operator));

    return 0;

}

O/p:



Token passing in C

#include<stdio.h>

#define paster(n) printf("\n value =%d",tok##n);

main()

{

            int tok36=100;

            paster(36);

            //return 0;

}


O/p:

                                                    

Qualifier

#include<stdio.h>

int main() {

   const int x = 10;

   x = 12;

   return 0;

 }

O/p:

D:\C\QUALIFIERS\CONTST.c [Error] assignment of read-only variable 'x'

                            



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